How Much Do I Need to Retire in the US? The Real Calculation

## The modern US retirement reality The shift from defined benefit pensions to 401(k)s means US workers bear full retirement risk. Social Security replaces only 40% of pre-retirement income for average earners. You need to fund the rest yourself. ## The 4% rule in 2024 The classic 4% withdrawal rate (from Bengen's 1994 research) was based on a 50/50 stock/bond portfolio. Some researchers now argue 3.3% is safer with current valuations and lower bond yields. Others maintain 4% is still robust for 30-year retirements. ## Social Security in the calculation The average Social Security benefit in 2024 is ~$1,900/month. If you need $5,000/month in retirement, SS covers $1,900 and you need to fund $3,100 from your corpus. This significantly reduces your required savings. ## The $1 million question $1 million at 4% withdrawal = $40,000/year = $3,333/month. After Social Security of ~$22,800/year, total retirement income = $62,800/year. For many Americans, this is a comfortable retirement — the key is achieving that million.