Full explanation
From April 2022 (Section 115BBH): crypto gains taxed at 30% flat regardless of holding period. No benefit of long-term rates. Losses from one crypto CANNOT offset gains from another. Losses cannot be carried forward. 1% TDS on crypto sales above ₹50,000/year (deducted by exchange). Staking rewards and airdrops taxed as income at 30% at time of receipt. This is the harshest crypto tax regime globally. Compare: equity LTCG (12.5%), equity STCG (20%). Crypto's after-tax return must be significantly higher than equity to justify the tax disadvantage.