Crypto Tax in the US — Short-Term vs Long-Term Rates Explained

## The critical 1-year rule Hold crypto for more than 1 year before selling: long-term capital gains rates (0%, 15%, or 20% depending on income). Sell within 1 year: short-term capital gains = ordinary income rates (10–37%). For a married couple filing jointly at $200k income (2024): - Short-term crypto gain: 24% federal rate - Long-term crypto gain: 15% federal rate The 1-year threshold matters enormously. ## Crypto vs stocks: wash sale difference Stocks have wash sale rules: you can't sell at a loss and buy back the same stock within 30 days. Crypto (as of 2024) is NOT subject to wash sale rules. This means you can sell BTC at a loss to harvest the tax loss, then buy back immediately. This is a strategy not available in equity markets. (Legislation to extend wash sales to crypto has been proposed but not enacted as of 2024.) ## Form 8949 reporting Every crypto sale goes on Form 8949 (same as stock sales). Export transaction history from your exchange, import into tax software (TurboTax, H&R Block, Koinly), which auto-generates Form 8949.