Crypto Trading & Tax in India — The 30% Reality Check

## India's crypto tax regime Budget 2022 fundamentally changed crypto in India with Section 115BBH: **The rules:** - Flat 30% tax on all crypto gains (profit from trading, selling, gifting) - No benefit of long-term capital gains rates - No deduction except cost of acquisition (no fees, no interest expense) - No loss offset across different virtual digital assets - No loss offset against salary or other income - 1% TDS on sale via Indian exchanges (Section 194S) **What this means in practice:** - If BTC gained ₹1 lakh and ETH lost ₹50,000: you pay 30% × ₹1 lakh = ₹30,000 tax. The ₹50,000 ETH loss helps nothing. - Frequent trading is tax-inefficient: 30% on every realized gain, even short-term swings. ## Which ITR form? **ITR-2:** For individuals with crypto gains as capital gains or "other income" (salaried, no business income) **ITR-3:** For individuals with business income (if crypto trading is your main activity, it may be treated as business income) Schedule VDA (Virtual Digital Assets) in ITR captures crypto transactions from FY 2022-23 onwards. ## Record keeping Exchanges required to maintain records and issue Form 26AS with TDS details. Download transaction history from: - CoinDCX: App > Portfolio > Download Report - WazirX: Reports section - Binance India (closed 2023): Use historical exports For DeFi and DEX transactions (Uniswap, etc.): export from blockchain explorers or use Koinly/CoinTracker. ## The carry-forward question Under current law, crypto losses CANNOT be carried forward to future years (unlike equity losses which can be carried forward 8 years). This makes loss harvesting essentially pointless — there's no future year to use it against.